IOBE Programming Community Index for January 2012
January Headline: Objective-C wins the TIOBE Programming Language Award of 2011!
After having been a close runner-up for 2 years, Objective-C has won the TIOBE programming language award of 2011. This award is given to the programming language that gained most market share in 2011. The market share of Objective-C is 3.91% higher than it was in January 2011. The major cause of this is the continuing success of the iPhone and the iPad, which both are mainly implemented in Objective-C.
What were the other interesting moves in the TIOBE index in 2011? Apart from Objective-C also C# made a considerable leap forward (+2.55%), followed by C (+1.15%) and JavaScript (+0.73%). On the other hand, 2011 was a bad year for last year winner Python (-3.05%) and PHP (-2.13%). What about 2012? Is there any new programming language to hit the top 10 in 2012? We doubt so. Possible candidates are F#, Groovy and R. For instance, the R language entered the top 20 this month for the first time. This language for statisticians is becoming the major programming language in its field.
The TIOBE Programming Community index is an indicator of the popularity of programming languages. The index is updated once a month. The ratings are based on the number of skilled engineers world-wide, courses and third party vendors. The popular search engines Google, Bing, Yahoo!, Wikipedia, Amazon, YouTube and Baidu are used to calculate the ratings. Observe that the TIOBE index is not about the best programming language or the language in which most lines of code have been written.
The index can be used to check whether your programming skills are still up to date or to make a strategic decision about what programming language should be adopted when starting to build a new software system. The definition of the TIOBE index can be found here.
| Position Jan 2012 | Position Jan 2011 | Delta in Position | Programming Language | Ratings Jan 2012 | Delta Jan 2011 | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 |  |
Java | 17.479% | -0.29% | A |
| 2 | 2 | |
C | 16.976% | +1.15% | A |
| 3 | 6 |  |
C# | 8.781% | +2.55% | A |
| 4 | 3 |  |
C++ | 8.063% | -0.72% | A |
| 5 | 8 | |
Objective-C | 6.919% | +3.91% | A |
| 6 | 4 | |
PHP | 5.710% | -2.13% | A |
| 7 | 7 | |
(Visual) Basic | 4.531% | -1.34% | A |
| 8 | 5 | |
Python | 3.218% | -3.05% | A |
| 9 | 9 | |
Perl | 2.773% | -0.08% | A |
| 10 | 11 | |
JavaScript | 2.322% | +0.73% | A |
| 11 | 12 | |
Delphi/Object Pascal | 1.576% | +0.29% | A |
| 12 | 10 | |
Ruby | 1.441% | -0.34% | A |
| 13 | 13 | |
Lisp | 1.111% | +0.00% | A |
| 14 | 14 | |
Pascal | 0.798% | -0.12% | A |
| 15 | 17 | |
Transact-SQL | 0.772% | +0.01% | A |
| 16 | 24 | |
PL/SQL | 0.709% | +0.15% | A |
| 17 | 20 | |
Ada | 0.634% | -0.05% | B |
| 18 | 39 | |
Logo | 0.632% | +0.29% | B |
| 19 | 25 | |
R | 0.609% | +0.07% | B |
| 20 | 21 | |
Lua | 0.559% | -0.08% | B |
Long term trends
The long term trends for the top 10 programming languages can be found in the line diagram below.
Other programming languages
The complete top 50 of programming languages is listed below. This overview is published unofficially, because it could be the case that we missed a language. If you have the impression there is a programming language lacking, please notify us at tpci@tiobe.com.
| Position | Programming Language | Ratings |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | Assembly | 0.550% |
| 22 | C shell | 0.528% |
| 23 | MATLAB | 0.515% |
| 24 | Visual Basic .NET | 0.482% |
| 25 | NXT-G | 0.478% |
| 26 | Go | 0.474% |
| 27 | Fortran | 0.434% |
| 28 | ABAP | 0.418% |
| 29 | Scheme | 0.415% |
| 30 | RPG (OS/400) | 0.402% |
| 31 | COBOL | 0.393% |
| 32 | SAS | 0.339% |
| 33 | F# | 0.338% |
| 34 | Scratch | 0.334% |
| 35 | ActionScript | 0.326% |
| 36 | Groovy | 0.322% |
| 37 | D | 0.320% |
| 38 | Forth | 0.318% |
| 39 | Erlang | 0.304% |
| 40 | PL/I | 0.303% |
| 41 | Haskell | 0.301% |
| 42 | Ladder Logic | 0.299% |
| 43 | Prolog | 0.292% |
| 44 | ML | 0.291% |
| 45 | Q | 0.276% |
| 46 | OpenEdge ABL | 0.274% |
| 47 | Standard ML | 0.274% |
| 48 | Smalltalk | 0.260% |
| 49 | Tcl | 0.259% |
| 50 | APL | 0.245% |
The Next 50 Programming Languages
The following list of languages denotes #51 to #100. Since the differences are relatively small, the programming languages are only listed (in alphabetical order).
- (Visual) FoxPro, ABC, Algol, Alice, Awk, Bash, bc, BETA, BlitzMax, Boo, Bourne shell, C++/CLI, CFML, cg, CL (OS/400), Clean, cT, Dart, Dylan, Eiffel, Factor, Icon, IDL, Io, J, JavaFX Script, JScript.NET, Korn shell, LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, Lingo, Max/MSP, Modula-2, MUMPS, NATURAL, Oberon, Occam, OpenCL, Oz, PowerShell, Revolution, S, S-PLUS, Scala, TOM, VBScript, VHDL, X10, XSLT, Z shell
Very Long Term History
To see the bigger picture, please find the positions of the top 10 programming languages from 5, 15 and 25 years ago in the table below.
| Programming Language | Position Jan 2012 | Position Jan 2007 | Position Jan 1997 | Position Jan 1987 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Java | 1 | 1 | 5 | - |
| C | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| C# | 3 | 7 | - | - |
| C++ | 4 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
| Objective-C | 5 | 46 | - | - |
| PHP | 6 | 5 | - | - |
| (Visual) Basic | 7 | 4 | 3 | 5 |
| Python | 8 | 8 | 26 | - |
| Perl | 9 | 6 | 6 | - |
| JavaScript | 10 | 9 | 25 | - |
| Lisp | 13 | 16 | 16 | 2 |
| Ada | 17 | 17 | 12 | 3 |
Programming Language Hall of Fame
The hall of fame listing all "Programming Language of the Year" award winners is shown below. The award is given to the programming language that has the highest rise in ratings in a year.
| Year | Winner |
|---|---|
| 2011 | Objective-C |
| 2010 | Python |
| 2009 | Go |
| 2008 | C |
| 2007 | Python |
| 2006 | Ruby |
| 2005 | Java |
| 2004 | PHP |
| 2003 | C++ |
Categories of Programming Languages
In the tables below some long term trends are shown about categories of languages. Object-oriented statically typed languages have been most popular for more than 5 years now.| Category | Ratings Jan 2012 | Delta Jan 2011 |
|---|---|---|
| Object-Oriented Languages | 57.1% | +1.8% |
| Procedural Languages | 36.8% | -2.7% |
| Functional Languages | 4.3% | +0.6% |
| Logical Languages | 1.8% | +0.3% |
| Category | Ratings Jan 2012 | Delta Jan 2011 |
|---|---|---|
| Statically Typed Languages | 71.4% | +3.5% |
| Dynamically Typed Languages | 28.6% | -3.5% |
This Month's Changes in the Index
This month the following changes have been made to the definition of the index:
- Diego Olivier Pons noted that Objective Caml is called OCaml nowadays. This has been changed in the TIOBE index definition.
- From this month on, Amazon.com is added to the list of websites that is searched for hits for the TIOBE index. Its initial contribution is 3%.
- There are lots of mails that still need to be processed. As soon as there is more time available your mail will be answered. Please be patient.
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